Spieth and McIlroy, the world Nos. 2 and 3, respectively, will start on the back nine at 8:26 a.m. ET Thursday and be joined at the tee by Justin Thomas when play starts in Dublin, Ohio.
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Spieth and McIlroy were paired for round three of the 2016 Masters after leading the field after the opening two days. Neither was able to claim the coveted green jacket.
Meanwhile, world No. 1 Jason Day has been grouped with David Lingmerth and Jim Furyk.
Day heads into the tournament following a wire-to-wire victory at the Players Championship earlier this month.
McIlroy triumphed in his last outing at the Irish Open, while Spieth has also shown good form by winning the Dean & DeLuca Invitational last week at Colonial.